In the Russian Federation, more than 600 thousand HIV-infected people have been identified and registered, of which more than 5 thousand are children under the age of 15 years. The most affected subjects of the Russian Federation include industrialized regions with higher income levels: Samara region, Irkutsk region, Leningrad region, St. Petersburg, Sverdlovsk region. In terms of the absolute number of registered cases of HIV infection, the Sverdlovsk region has been consistently leading over the past years: more than 50 thousand HIV infections have been registered in the Sverdlovsk region (as of the end of 2011). All social and age groups of the population are involved in the epidemic process of HIV infection. Despite the pronounced tendency of older age groups to be involved in the HIV epidemic process, the largest proportion of HIV-infected people are young people. Among pupils and students, there is an increase in the proportion of girls among HIV-infected people from 54% in 2000-2006. up to 85% in 2010 Students of all educational institutions of the Russian Federation, regardless of their form of ownership, training programs and other differences, have the right to receive adequate and complete information that would help them avoid HIV infection. The ultimate goal of training is to create motivation in a young person to make an independent and conscious choice of behavior that prevents the risk of contracting HIV. The consistently high level of HIV infection among the population, both in Russia and in the Sverdlovsk region, is a consequence of the insufficient level of awareness among young people about the relevance of the problem of HIV infection, along with the practice of risky behavior. The situation is aggravated by the lack of alertness among young people regarding the presence of risk factors for HIV infection. One of the reasons for the low level of knowledge is the lack of consistency in preventive work. One-time actions and lectures are not capable of changing the everyday behavior of young people; this requires long-term, targeted preventive programs based on modern interactive teaching methods, the “Peer teaches peer” system. To create an effective system of preventive measures that would not only lead to a high level of knowledge among students about the problem of HIV infection, but would also be able to form a responsible attitude towards their health and change risky behavior, it is necessary to introduce special preventive programs in educational institutions. Youth are a powerful resource for prevention efforts. It is easier to adhere to safe behavior and attitudes if you get used to them in advance. The need to conduct awareness-raising activities among the population, especially among young people who are at greatest risk of contracting HIV, is beyond doubt.